IaC

Infrastructure as Code

Provisioning infrastructure via versioned code -- Terraform, Pulumi.

When you'd see it: Cloud operations and DevOps. Terraform and Pulumi are IaC tools.

Why it matters: IaC provisions servers, networks, and services from versioned code instead of manual clicking, so infrastructure is repeatable, reviewable, and rebuildable. It is what makes environments consistent and disaster recovery feasible.

Common mistakes: Making manual changes to infrastructure that IaC manages. The next apply will revert or conflict with them. Once it is code, it has to stay code.