Six Sigma

A data-driven method for reducing defects and variation in a process, targeting fewer than 3.4 defects per million opportunities. Uses the DMAIC cycle: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control.

When you'd see it: Manufacturing, operations, and quality teams. Practitioners hold belts (Green Belt, Black Belt). Often paired with Lean as 'Lean Six Sigma.'

Why it matters: Six Sigma brings statistical rigor to process improvement. The risk is over-applying it to creative or fast-changing work, where the overhead outweighs the gain.

Related Lean, Kaizen